reasoning from the general to the particular (or from cause to effect)
The process of reaching a conclusion through reasoning from general premises to a specific premise. An example of deduction is present in the following syllogism: Premise: All mammals are animals. Premise: All whales are mammals. Conclusion: Therefore, all whales are animals
Deduction is simply what is inferred, using logical reasoning. Assumptions with a base.
You start with a clue, assess your knowledge of the clue, and form a reasonable base.
The Clue: simply an indication - a rope which breaks unevenly might indicate strain, or a rope broken evenly may indicate that it had been cut.
Your knowledge of the clue or its nature: if we were to, for example, go back in time - suits were quite a common thing(the class of the individual can sometimes be indicated by the quality of their clothes) - Just about everyone had one, in fact. This is rather uncommon these days, on the streets, and thus, more can be implied from them. Your knowledge of your own society/situation working in accord with this found clue is quite important in the art of deduction.
Using your knowledge of the clue in accord with the situation and its nature, you form your base. The base should be reasonable and easily understood by the common man in order for it to have any importance. More clues can be gathered to add to the base, thus, making it more understandable.
THE POINT OF IT IS WE USE DEDUCTION OF EVERYDAY THATS HOW WE ARE ABLE TO EVALUATE STUFF.... SOME OF US WILL GET IT WRONG BUT NONE THE LESS THATS WHATS CALL THE ART OF DEDUCTION...ITS USED IN THE COURT OF LAW EVERYDAY
SO IF A=B........B=C...THEREFORE A=C THEN...........