LOS ANGELES, California (CNN) -- Someone stole an "incomplete and early version" of the next installment in the blockbuster "X-Men" movie series and posted it on the Internet this week, according to the studio that owns the billion-dollar film franchise.
Hugh Jackman stars in "X-Men Origins: Wolverine." An early version of the film was leaked to the Web.
Twentieth Century Fox said the FBI was investigating who leaked "X-Men Origins: Wolverine," which is set for release in U.S. theaters May 1.
The digital file quickly spread across the Internet and was available for free, but illegal, downloading from hundreds of easily found Web sites.
"The source of the initial leak and any subsequent postings will be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law; the courts have handed down significant criminal sentences for such acts in the past," the studio's statement said.
Removing the pirated files from the Internet may prove an impossible challenge, an industry source said. This source did not want to be named because of the sensitive nature of the matter.
Although the studio said it was removed from the Web site that first hosted it, the digital file has probably been downloaded tens of thousands of times, the source said.
"It's not removed from the Internet," the industry source said. "It's still there."
Twentieth Century Fox downplayed the value of the pirated copy, noting that it was not the final version.
"It was without many effects, had missing and unedited scenes and temporary sound and music," the studio said.
Online movie reviewer Kent Lundblad said he was given a copy by a friend just hours after the rough "Wolverine" first appeared on a Web site Tuesday afternoon.
"Even in this rough form, it's much better than the last 'X-Men' outing or anything Fox has given us in a long, long time," Lundblad said in a review he wrote after watching it.
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In a case of piracy that some analysts called unprecedented, untold thousands of people watched a version of X-Men Origins: Wolverine online Wednesday, a full month before its scheduled theater release. The films distributor, 20th Century Fox, said it did not know how the unfinished copy of the comic book adaptation was leaked onto the Internet. The copy was missing many special effects and included temporary sound and music. Nonetheless, it circulated widely online beginning late Tuesday, even prompting some viewers to publish reviews, favorable and unfavorable, of the hotly anticipated film. Wolverine stars Hugh Jackman in the title role and is set to open on May 1.
The troubling leak which some people initially dismissed as an April Fools Day prank occurred at a time when media companies are working harder than ever to curtail digital piracy of content. Illicit recordings of films usually appear on the Internet shortly after their theater debuts, but leaks before the premiere dates are rare. Hollywood studios spend millions of dollars to track every step of the film production process to avoid such potentially costly leaks.
Eric Garland, the chief executive of the file-sharing monitoring firm BigChampagne, called the widespread downloading of Wolverine a one-of-a-kind case. Weve never seen a high-profile film a film of this budget, a tentpole movie with this box office potential leak in any form this early, he said.
The studio, a unit of the News Corporation, spent the day demanding that copies of the film be removed from the largely anonymous swath of Web sites that swap movie files. But the copies propagated at such a swift rate that the digital cops could not keep up. BigChampagne estimated the digital film copy had been downloaded in the low hundreds of thousands of times in its first 24 hours on the Internet.
The studio said the F.B.I. and the Motion Picture Association of America were both investigating the films premature distribution.
The source of the initial leak and any subsequent postings will be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law, the company said, adding the courts have handed down significant criminal sentences for such acts in the past.
Media companies use watermarks and other technological strategies to identify the sources of leaks.
Wolverine is not the first film to receive an unintended preview on the Internet. Another superhero film, 2003s Hulk, showed up as a download about two weeks before its release. But the major studios hoped they had learned enough since then to keep it from happening again.
Mr. Garland said the existence of the illicit file could theoretically depress the box-office receipts for the film, but he emphasized that the online viewers would be only a tiny percentage of the total audience. The other fear is bad word of mouth, he said. As twisted as it may seem, you would rather have a very high-quality version of the film leak than a premature working version of the film leak, because its not your best work.
In the case of Wolverine, some of the computer-generated scenes were missing and other parts were unedited. The studio noted that some fan Web sites condemned the leak. But other Internet users downloaded the file and weighed in with reviews.
This is bad bad news for Fox, a movie blog called In GOB We Trust said on Wednesday, asserting that negative comments about the film would reduce its box-office prospects. But the blog reviewed the film anyway, saying that the creators decided to dumb it down and essentially make a cartoon.
The troubling leak which some people initially dismissed as an April Fools Day prank occurred at a time when media companies are working harder than ever to curtail digital piracy of content.